A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany

Malgorzata Borchers; Johannes Förster; Daniela Thrän; Silke Beck; Terese Thoni; Klaas Korte; Erik Gawel; Till Markus; Romina Schaller; Imke Rhoden; Yaxuan Chi; Nicolaus Dahmen; Roland Dittmeyer; Tobias Dolch; Christian Dold; Michael Herbst; Dominik Heß; Aram Kalhori; Ketil Koop-Jakobsen; Zhan Li; Andreas Oschlies; Thorsten B.H. Reusch; Torsten Sachs; Cornelia Schmidt-Hattenberger; Angela Stevenson; Jiajun Wu; Christopher Yeates; Nadine Mengis

doi:10.1029/2023EF003986

A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany

Malgorzata Borchers^*, Johannes Förster^*, Daniela Thrän, Silke Beck, Terese Thoni, Klaas Korte, Erik Gawel, Till Markus, Romina Schaller, Imke Rhoden, Yaxuan Chi, Nicolaus Dahmen, Roland Dittmeyer, Tobias Dolch, Christian Dold, Michael Herbst, Dominik Heß, Aram Kalhori, Ketil Koop-Jakobsen, Zhan LiAndreas Oschlies, Thorsten B.H. Reusch, Torsten Sachs, Cornelia Schmidt-Hattenberger, Angela Stevenson, Jiajun Wu, Christopher Yeates, Nadine Mengis^*

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Institut for Agroøkologi - Jordbiologi og Næringsstoffer

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

9 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO₂ emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social-cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic-light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO₂ removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno-economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO₂. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net-zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e2023EF003986
Tidsskrift	Earth's Future
Vol/bind	12
Nummer	5
ISSN	2328-4277
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EF003986
Status	Udgivet - maj 2024

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10.1029/2023EF003986Licens: CC BY

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Borchers, M., Förster, J., Thrän, D., Beck, S., Thoni, T., Korte, K., Gawel, E., Markus, T., Schaller, R., Rhoden, I., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Kalhori, A., Koop-Jakobsen, K., ... Mengis, N. (2024). A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany. Earth's Future, 12(5), Artikel e2023EF003986. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EF003986

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abstract = "To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social-cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic-light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO2 removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno-economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO2. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net-zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.",

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Borchers, M, Förster, J, Thrän, D, Beck, S, Thoni, T, Korte, K, Gawel, E, Markus, T, Schaller, R, Rhoden, I, Chi, Y, Dahmen, N, Dittmeyer, R, Dolch, T, Dold, C, Herbst, M, Heß, D, Kalhori, A, Koop-Jakobsen, K, Li, Z, Oschlies, A, Reusch, TBH, Sachs, T, Schmidt-Hattenberger, C, Stevenson, A, Wu, J, Yeates, C & Mengis, N 2024, 'A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany', Earth's Future, bind 12, nr. 5, e2023EF003986. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EF003986

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany

AU - Borchers, Malgorzata

AU - Förster, Johannes

AU - Thrän, Daniela

AU - Beck, Silke

AU - Thoni, Terese

AU - Korte, Klaas

AU - Gawel, Erik

AU - Markus, Till

AU - Schaller, Romina

AU - Rhoden, Imke

AU - Chi, Yaxuan

AU - Dahmen, Nicolaus

AU - Dittmeyer, Roland

AU - Dolch, Tobias

AU - Dold, Christian

AU - Herbst, Michael

AU - Heß, Dominik

AU - Kalhori, Aram

AU - Koop-Jakobsen, Ketil

AU - Li, Zhan

AU - Oschlies, Andreas

AU - Reusch, Thorsten B.H.

AU - Sachs, Torsten

AU - Schmidt-Hattenberger, Cornelia

AU - Stevenson, Angela

AU - Wu, Jiajun

AU - Yeates, Christopher

AU - Mengis, Nadine

PY - 2024/5

Y1 - 2024/5

N2 - To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social-cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic-light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO2 removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno-economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO2. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net-zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.

AB - To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social-cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic-light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO2 removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno-economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO2. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net-zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.

KW - bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)

KW - climate mitigation

KW - context-specific assessments of carbon dioxide removal

KW - direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS)

KW - feasibility assessment framework

KW - natural sink enhancement (NSE)

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U2 - 10.1029/2023EF003986

DO - 10.1029/2023EF003986

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85192051993

SN - 2328-4277

VL - 12

JO - Earth's Future

JF - Earth's Future

IS - 5

M1 - e2023EF003986

ER -

A Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options for Germany

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