PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcome of bladder auto-augmentation in children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were compiled from the records of 25 children, median age 9.3 (0.9 - 14.2) years, who underwent detrusor myotomy between 1992 and 2008. All patients were diagnosed with small bladder capacity, low compliance and high end-filling pressures and unresponsive to CIC and anticholinergics. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 6.8 (0.1 to 15.6) years. Median postoperative bladder capacity was unchanged or decreased to 95 (25 to 274) mL during the first 3 months compared to preoperative capacity of 103 (14 to 250) mL. Five months postoperatively, the bladder capacity increased significantly to 176 (70 to 420) mL (p